Quaternary Phosphonium ntsev muaj ntau yam kev siv tshuaj lom neeg

Quaternary phosphonium ntsev yog quaternary phosphonium ntsev nrog cov qauv qauv [R4P] + X -, qhov twg R feem ntau yog alkyl, aryl, lossis heterocyclic pawg (xws li pyridine), uas tuaj yeem yog tib yam lossis ntau pawg ua haujlwm. X feem ntau muaj chlorine thiab bromine. Piv txwv li, cov mis molecular ntawm triethyldodecylphosphonium bromide yog [C12H25P (C2H5) 3] + Br -.
Quaternary phosphonium ntsev muaj ntau yam siv hauv tshuaj synthesis. Ua ntej, nws yog ib qho nruab nrab rau kev sib txuas ntawm Wittig reagents. Tsis tas li ntawd, zoo ib yam li quaternary ammonium ntsev, quaternary phosphonium ntsev kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua theem hloov catalysts thiab surfactants. Raws li cov kuab tshuaj muaj tag nrho ntawm ions, quaternary ammonium ntsev ionic kua muaj vapor siab heev, ntau yam ntawm mesophase kub, siab thermal stability, dav electrochemical qhov rais, thiab feem ntau tsis combustible. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau lawv cov neeg sib tw los hloov cov kuab tshuaj tsis haum xeeb.
Tsis tas li ntawd, quaternary phosphonium ntsev kuj muaj qee yam khoom tseem ceeb thiab kev siv. Piv txwv li, polycation ua los ntawm hydrolysis ntawm quaternary phosphonium ntsev tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov kua qaub uas tsim los ntawm cov kab mob, tsim cov polymer electrolytes complex, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov cell membrane ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob thiab ua rau cov cell tsis ua haujlwm thiab tuag. Qhov no ua rau quaternary phosphonium ntsev muaj peev xwm siv tau tus nqi hauv kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam, tua cov algae, thiab lwm yam teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, quaternary phosphonium ntsev kuj tuaj yeem agglomerate tsis zoo nqi me me, tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, organic pollutants, thiab lwm yam hauv dej, ua kom dej huv sai. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, phosphonium atoms nqa los ntawm quaternary phosphonium ntsev kuj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv dej tsis zoo, txhawb dej kom ruaj khov, thiab zam kev ntxhov siab los ntawm ib puag ncig kev hloov pauv hauv cov tsiaj ua liaj ua teb.
Ib txoj hauv kev los npaj quaternary phosphonium ntsev yog ua ke nrog polystyrene resin, triphenylphosphine - Chloropropyltriethoxysilane yog tov nrog cov kuab tshuaj, nplawm tusyees nrog ib tug sib nqus stirrer, thiab ces rhuab nyob rau hauv inert roj tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tom qab ntawd, dilute hydrochloric acid los yog ammonium chloride aqueous tov yog ntxiv rau hydrolysis, thiab thaum kawg, quaternary phosphonium ntsev yog tau los ntawm distillation thiab lwm yam kauj ruam.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, quaternary phosphonium ntsev yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj ntau yam khoom tseem ceeb thiab kev siv, thiab muaj kev cia siab rau kev siv tshuaj lom neeg, kev kho dej, tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab, thiab lwm yam.