Tus qauv qauv ntawm anhydride yog dab tsi?

Hais txog anhydrides, Kuv ntseeg tias cov uas tau kawm chemistry tsis yog neeg txawv. Anhydride yog ib feem ntawm cov kua qaub uas muaj oxygen tom qab tshem tawm ib lossis ob peb lub lwg dej. Feem ntau, inorganic acids yog ib qho molecule ntawm cov kua qaub, thiab qhov poob ntawm ib qho molecule ntawm dej ncaj qha tsim cov anhydride ntawm cov kua qaub. Lub valence ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas txiav txim siab acidity nyob rau hauv lub anhydride tseem unchanged. Yog li, dab tsi yog cov qauv qauv ntawm anhydride? Cia peb tsom xam ua ke hauv qab no!
Cov qauv qauv ntawm anhydride yog R-CO-O-CO-R. Anhydride yog qhov seem ntawm cov kua qaub uas muaj oxygen tom qab tshem tawm ib lossis ob peb lub lwg dej. Feem ntau, inorganic acids yog ib qho molecule ntawm cov kua qaub no, thiab ncaj qha poob ib molecule ntawm dej tsim cov anhydride ntawm cov kua qaub. Lub valence ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas txiav txim siab acidity nyob rau hauv lub anhydride tseem unchanged.
Cov khoom ntawm Anhydride
Feem ntau nws tuaj yeem suav tias yog oxide tsim los ntawm cov kua qaub dehydration (organic acid anhydrides tsis yog oxides), thiab ntau tus tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog dej los tsim cov kua qaub qub. Raws li cov khoom ntawm cov kua qaub, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua:
Lub anhydride ntawm ib qho inorganic acid yog tsim los ntawm condensation ntawm ib los yog ob tug acid molecules. Piv txwv li, carbon (acid) anhydride yog hais txog carbon dioxide CO2, thiab nitrate (acid) anhydride yog hais txog nitrogen pentoxide N2O5. Cov anhydride ntawm cov organic acid yog ib qho chaw tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob lub monobasic acid molecules lossis ib qho dicarboxylic acid molecule, txawm tias tsis yog oxide, tseem hu ua anhydride. Piv txwv li, acetic anhydride (CH3CO) 2O, phthalic anhydride C8H4O3, thiab lwm yam.
Kev txhais ntawm Anhydride
Ib qho kua qaub tshem tawm ib qho molecule ntawm dej, thiab qhov seem yog hu ua nws cov anhydride. Feem ntau, inorganic acids yog ib qho molecule ntawm cov kua qaub, thiab qhov poob ntawm ib qho molecule ntawm dej ncaj qha tsim cov anhydride ntawm cov kua qaub. Lub valence ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas txiav txim siab acidity nyob rau hauv lub anhydride tseem unchanged. Organic acids yog tsim los ntawm lub cev qhuav dej ntawm ob lossis ntau lub molecules ntawm cov kua qaub. Tsuas yog cov kua qaub uas muaj oxygen muaj cov anhydrides. Anaerobic acid tsis muaj anhydride.